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Bibliography

Sources and their weight

Each record lists the references used to build it. Sources are ranked so readers can judge how strong the underlying evidence is.

How to weigh a reference

Primary or institutional
Record and compareUse the object's museum record, issuer archive or maker documentation; retain its identifier and exact wording.
Limits of the evidenceInstitutional attribution may be provisional. A museum object number is not a standard type number.
Specialist publication
Record and compareRecord author, edition, catalogue system and page or entry number so the attribution can be checked.
Limits of the evidenceDifferent editions can change numbers or classifications; conflicting readings must remain visible.
Commercial reference
Record and compareKeep the auction or dealer page and specimen description as supplementary comparison evidence.
Limits of the evidenceA sale description does not independently establish authenticity, rarity or a date; photo rights may remain restricted.
Community resource
Record and compareFollow cited evidence back to a named publication or institutional object record.
Limits of the evidenceAn uncited assertion remains a research lead, not a verified catalogue fact.

Tier 1 — Primary and institutional

Museums, archives, central banks, mints, postal administrations, manufacturer archives.

Abramzon and Frolova, Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum. Russland. Staatliches Historisches Museum Moskau. Münzen des nördlichen Schwarzmeergebietes, Berlin-Boston 2019

Abramzon and Frolova

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 21 records

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Amandry et al., RPC III: Roman Provincial Coinage. Vol. III: Nerva, Trajan and Hadrian (AD 96-138), London :  Paris 2015

Amandry et al.

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 26 records

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Amandry et al., RPC IX: Roman provincial coinage. Vol. IX: From Trajan Decius to Uranius Antonius (Ad 249-254), London : Paris 2016

Amandry et al.

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 11 records

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American Numismatic Society Collection

American Numismatic Society · ANS

museum collection

Ancient through modern coinage

Searchable institutional numismatic database.

Cited by 3 records

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Anochin, Antičnye monety Severnogo Pričernomor‘ja, Kiev 2011

Anochin

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 42 records

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Anochin, Monetnoe delo Bospora, Kiev 1986

Anochin

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 9 records

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Anochin, Monety antičnogo Chersonesa (IV v. do n.e. - XII v. n.e.), Kiev 1977

Anochin

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 1 record

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Anochin, Monety antičnych gorodov Severo-Zapadnogo Pričernomor'ja, Kiev 1989

Anochin

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 17 records

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Arslan and Özen, A hoard of unpublished bronze coins of Ptolemy Ceraunus, New York 2000

Arslan and Özen

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 0 records

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Arslan et al., Antike Münzen von Thrakien und Moesien aus öffentlichen und privaten Sammlungen der Türkei, Berlin-Boston 2021

Arslan et al.

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 17 records

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Art Institute of Chicago Collection API

Art Institute of Chicago

museum

Public API objects with IIIF images

Public API; IIIF image service used for catalogue illustration.

Cited by 250 records

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Arzone and Cappiotti, Sylloge nummorum Graecorum. Italia: Civici musei d'arte, Verona, Roma 2017

Arzone and Cappiotti

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 0 records

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Ashton et al., Sylloge nummorum Graecorum: England. Vol. 5 Pt. 9: Ashmolean Museum, Oxford Bosporus - Aeolis, New York 2007

Ashton et al.

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 16 records

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Ashton et al., The Pixodarus Hoard (CH 9.421), 2002

Ashton et al.

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 0 records

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Ashton, Clubs, thunderbolts, torches, stars and caducei. More pseudo-Rhodian drachms from mainland Greece and the islands, 2002

Ashton

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 0 records

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Ashton, Pseudo-Rhodian drachms from Samothrace, 1988

Ashton

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 0 records

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Ashton, Sylloge nummorum Graecorum. Vol. XII: The Hunterian Museum, University of Glasgow. Part VII. Cimmerian Bosporus - Cappadocia, Oxford 2020

Ashton

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 0 records

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Aulock and Franke, Sylloge nummorum graecorum Deutschland. Sammlung v. Aulock. Nachträge I. Pontus 6674-6790, Armenia Minor 6791-6792, Paphlagonien 6793-6877, Bithynien 6878-7190, Berlin 1967

Aulock and Franke

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 3 records

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Aulock et al., Sylloge nummorum graecorum Deutschland. Heft 8: Sammlung v. Aulock. Lydien 2868-3328, Berlin 1963

Aulock et al.

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 1 record

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Babelon, Catalogue de la collection De Luynes: monnayes grecques, Sala Bolognese 1977

Babelon

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 0 records

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Babelon, Inventaire sommaire de la Collection Waddington, Paris 1898

Babelon

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 6 records

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Babelon, La collection Waddington au Cabinet des médailles. Inventaire sommaire 1

Babelon

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 1 record

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Babelon, Quatre médaillons de bronze d'Asie-Mineure, 1891

Babelon

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 0 records

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Babelon, Traité des monnaies grecques et romaines 2/1 2/1, Bologna 1965

Babelon

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 1 record

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Babelon, Traité des monnaies grecques et romaines II.2, Paris 1910

Babelon

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 19 records

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Babelon, Traité des monnaies grecques et romaines. T. I, P. 2: Description historique, Paris 1907

Babelon

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 0 records

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Bakos, Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum Hungary. Budapest, Magyar Nemzeti Múzeum Volume 2: Dacia - Moesia Superior 2, Milano 1994

Bakos

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 1 record

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Baldus, Sylloge nummorum Graecorum. Deutschland. Staatliche Münzsammlung München. 19.Heft. Troas - Lesbos. Nr. 1-813 19, München 1991

Baldus

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 5 records

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Baldwin, Lampsakos: The Gold staters, silver and bronze coinages., New York 1924

Baldwin

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 4 records

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Banco de Mexico historical collections

Banco de Mexico

central bank

Institutional documentation of Mexican and related currency history.

Cited by 1 record

Bank of Canada Museum, National Currency Collection

Bank of Canada

institution

Canadian currency and coinage

Central bank collection and published research on Canadian currency.

Cited by 0 records

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Bank of England Museum and Archive

Bank of England

institutional archive

Primary documentation for Bank of England note issues.

Cited by 0 records

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Bartoli, Nummophylacium Reginae Christinae: Quod Comprehendit Numismata Aerea Imperatorum Romanorum, Latina, Graeca atque in Coloniis Cusa, Hagae Comitum 1742

Bartoli

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 0 records

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Bell, Coins from Assos, London-Cambridge, MA-Leipzig 1902

Bell

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 0 records

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Bellinger, The Coins, 1949

Bellinger

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 0 records

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Bellinger, The first civic tetradrachms of Ilium 8, 1958

Bellinger

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 0 records

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Bellinger, Troy: the coins, Princeton 1961

Bellinger

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 17 records

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Bernhart, Aphrodite auf griechischen Münzen: eine numismatische Materialsammlung, München 1936

Bernhart

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 0 records

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Bernhart, Dionysos und seine Familie auf griechischen Münzen: numismatischer Beitrag zur Ikonographie des Dionysos, 1949

Bernhart

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 0 records

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Bibliothèque nationale (France) and Babelon, Catalogue de la Collection de Luynes: Monnaies grecques, Paris 1924

Bibliothèque nationale (France) and Babelon

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 0 records

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Bibliotheque nationale de France, Departement des Monnaies, medailles et antiques

Bibliotheque nationale de France

institution

French and ancient coinage

National collection and catalogues of French and ancient coinage.

Cited by 0 records

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Blaramberg, Choix de médailles antiques d'Olbiopolis ou Olbia, faisant partie du cabinet du conseiller d'état de Blaramberg, à Odessa... accompagnées d'une notice sur Olbia, Paris 1822

Blaramberg

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 0 records

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Bloesch, Griechische Münzen in Winterthur, 2. Nr. 2322 - 4292. Kimmerischer Bosporus, Pontus, Armenia Minor, Paphlagonien, Bithynien, Mysien, Troas, Aeolis, Lesbos, Ionien, Karien, Lydien, Phrygien, Lykien. 2, Winterthur 1997

Bloesch

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 0 records

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Bloesch, Griechische Münzen in Winterthur, Winterthur 1987

Bloesch

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 15 records

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Bodzek, On the dating of the bronze issues of Tissaphernes, Kraków 2012

Bodzek

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 1 record

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Borrell, Unedited Autonomous and Imperial Greek Coins 3, 1841

Borrell

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 2 records

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Bosch and Kraft, Sylloge nummorum graecorum Deutschland. Heft 4: Sammlung v. Aulock. Mysien, 1050-1438, Berlin 1957

Bosch and Kraft

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 2 records

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Bosch and Kraft, Sylloge nummorum graecorum Deutschland. Heft 5: Sammlung v. Aulock. Troas, Aeolis, Lesbos, 1439-1767, Berlin 1959

Bosch and Kraft

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 3 records

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Boutin, Catalogue des monnaies grecques antiques de l'ancienne collection Pozzi: monnaies frappées en Europe, Maastricht 1979

Boutin

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 3 records

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Brett, Catalogue of Greek coins. Museum of Fine Arts, Boston 1955

Brett

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 0 records

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Brett, Lampsakos : the gold staters, silver and bronze coinages, New York 1924

Brett

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 0 records

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Brett, The electrum coinage of Lampsakos, New York 1914

Brett

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 0 records

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British Academy, Sylloge nummorum Graecorum : [England] / The British Academy Vol. 4: Fitzwilliam Museum: Leake and general collections, London 1972

British Academy

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 0 records

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British Museum and Head, Catalogue of the Greek coins of Lydia, London 1901

British Museum and Head

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 1 record

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British Museum Collection Online

British Museum · British Museum

museum collection

Global collections including coins and medals

Institutional object records with measurements and provenance.

Cited by 3 records

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Brüder Egger, Auctions-Catalog der Sammlung griechischer, römischer und byzantinischer Münzen des Herrn Theodor Prowe in Moskau (28.11.1904), Wien 1904

Brüder Egger

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 0 records

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Burnett et al., RPC I: Roman Provincial Coinage. Vol. I: From the death of Caesar to the death of Vitellius: 44 BC-AD 69, London [u.a.] 1992

Burnett et al.

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 10 records

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Burnett et al., RPC II: Roman Provincial Coinage. Vol. II: From Vespasian to Domitian (AD 69-96)., London [u.a.] 1999

Burnett et al.

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 6 records

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Burrell, Neokoroi: Greek cities and Roman emperors, Leiden ; Boston 2004

Burrell

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 0 records

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Cahn, Tissaphernes in Astyra, 1985

Cahn

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 1 record

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Callataÿ and Heesch, Greek and Roman coins from the Du Chastel Collection: coin cabinet of the Royal Library of Belgium, London 1999

Callataÿ and Heesch

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 0 records

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Callataÿ, Abydos sur Aesillas, Αθηνα 1996

Callataÿ

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 0 records

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Callataÿ, Le monnaies hellénistiques en argent de Ténédos, London 1998

Callataÿ

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 0 records

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Calomino, Bilingual coins of Severus Alexander in the Eastern provinces 26, 2014

Calomino

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 0 records

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Calomino, Emperor or God? The Posthumous Commemoration of Augustus in Rome and the Provinces, 2015

Calomino

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 0 records

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Calomino, RPC VI: Roman Provincial Coinage. Vol. VI: From Elagabalus to Maximinus Thrax (AD 218–238). online

Calomino

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 27 records

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Casey, Sinope. A Catalogue of the Greek, Roman and Byzantine Coins in Sinop Museum (Turkey) and Related Historical and Numismatic Studies, London 2010

Casey

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 0 records

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Chadžikostov, Neue Münztypen von Augusta Traiana, Berlin 1998

Chadžikostov

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 0 records

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Chameroy, Chronologie und Verbreitung der hellenistischen Bronzeprägungen von Pergamon: der Beitrag der Fundmünzen, 2012

Chameroy

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 0 records

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Chameroy, Manipulating Late Hellenistic Coinage: Some Overstrikes and Countermarks on Bronze Age Coins of Pergamum, Berlin 2016

Chameroy

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 0 records

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Choiseul-Gouffier, Voyage pittoresque dans l'Empire Ottoman, en Grèce, dans la Troade, les îles de l'Archipel et sur les cotes de l'Asie-Mineure; Par le Comte de Choiseul-Gouffier, 1842

Choiseul-Gouffier

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 1 record

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Christova, The coins of Moesia Inferior 1st - 3rd c. AD: Nikopolis ad Istrum, Blagoevgrad 2017

Christova

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 2 records

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Chryssanthaki-Nagle, L'histoire monétaire d'Abdère en Thrace: (VIe s. avant J.-C. - IIe s. après J.-C.), Athen 2007

Chryssanthaki-Nagle

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 1 record

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Chryssanthaki-Nagle, Le monnayage d'Orthagoreia 6, 2004

Chryssanthaki-Nagle

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 3 records

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Classical Numismatic Group Inc., Auction 73 (13.09.2006), 2006-09-13

Classical Numismatic Group Inc.

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 0 records

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Classical Numismatic Group Inc., Classical Numismatic Group, Auction 99, 13.05.2015, Lancaster 2015

Classical Numismatic Group Inc.

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 0 records

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Classical Numismatic Group Inc., e-Auction 351 (20.05.2015), 2015-05-20

Classical Numismatic Group Inc.

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 0 records

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Cleveland Museum of Art Open Access Collection

Cleveland Museum of Art

museum

Open Access API objects with images

Open Access API; object images and metadata harvested for catalogue illustration.

Cited by 673 records

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Combe, Nummorum Veterum Populorum Et Urbium, Qui In Museo Gulielmi Hunter Asservantur: Descriptio Figuris Illustrata, Londini 1782

Combe

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 0 records

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Comstock and Vermuele, Greek coins 1950 to 1963. Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, Boston 1964

Comstock and Vermuele

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 0 records

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Cook, The Troad: an archaeological and topographical study, Oxford 1973

Cook

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 1 record

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Corpus Nummorum — online coin type catalogue

Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities (TELOTA)

database

Scholarly type corpus of ancient Greek and provincial coinage, with recorded specimens and bibliography.

Cited by 888 records

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Dahmen, The legend of Alexander the Great on Greek and Roman coins, New York 2007

Dahmen

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 1 record

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Dalaison, Sylloge nummorum Graecorum. France 7. Département des monnaies, médailles et antiques. Paphlagonie, Pont et Arménie Mineure., Bordeaux 2015

Dalaison

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 20 records

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Daux, Guide de Thasos, Paris 1968

Daux

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 0 records

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de Callataÿ, L'histoire des guerres mithridatiques vue par les monnaies, Louvain-La-Neuve 1997

de Callataÿ

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 2 records

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Deutsche Bundesbank Money Museum

Deutsche Bundesbank · Deutsche Bundesbank

central bank archive

German monetary history

Institutional records of German currency including the 1923 inflation issues.

Cited by 4 records

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DigitaltMuseum (Norwegian and Swedish museum collections)

museum collection

Cited by 17 records

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Dima, The Silver Coinage of Istros during the Hellenistic Period, Wetteren 2014

Dima

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 0 records

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Dimitrov and Penčev, Sevtopolis, 2. Antični i srednovekovni moneti, Sofija 1984

Dimitrov and Penčev

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 1 record

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Dimitrov, Bronzovi moneti na dinasta Adej ot razkopkite v Sevtopolis 14.3

Dimitrov

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 1 record

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Dimitrov, Novi numizmatični danni za lokaliziraneto i datirovkata na dinasta Adej 3, 1984

Dimitrov

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 1 record

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Draganov, Coins of the unknown mint of Apros in Thrace, Madrid 2005

Draganov

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 1 record

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Draganov, Monetosečeneto na Kabile, Sofija 1993

Draganov

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 7 records

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Draganov, Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum. Bulgaria 2. Numismatic Museum Ruse Collection. Thrace & Moesia Inferior. Apollonia Pontica, Sofia

Draganov

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 0 records

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Draganov, The bronze coinage of Dionysopolis. Typology, Berlin 2000

Draganov

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 1 record

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Draganov, The Coinage of Deultum, Sofia 2007

Draganov

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 8 records

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Draganov, The Coinage of the Scythian kings in the West Pontic area, Sofia 2015

Draganov

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 1 record

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Dressel and Regling, Zwei ägyptische Funde altgriechischer Silbermünzen 37, 1927

Dressel and Regling

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 0 records

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Dressel, Erwerbungen des Königlichen Münzcabinets in den Jahren 1898-1900 (antike Münzen), Berlin 1903

Dressel

book

Cited by Corpus Nummorum for one or more coin types.

Cited by 0 records

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