spoon, 1719-1720

This spoon is a typical example of a type popular across Europe in the first decade of the eighteenth century until about 1770. The style emerged in England in around 1710, and has become known as 'Hanoverian' because it was popular during the reigns of the first two Hanoverian monarchs (George I and George II), who ruled between 1714-1760. The ridge or ‘rat-tail’ at the heel of this example (where the stem joins the bowl) is characteristic of spoons made before around 1730.

The finial of the spoon has been designed so that the spoon can be placed on the table with its open bowl down (the opposite of how it would be set on the table today) and this is why the initials of the original owner are engraved on what we would now think of as the back of the spoon. This arrangement followed French fashions, which had developed at the end of the seventeenth century. This is also an early example of plate made to the higher standard of silver that became compulsory for the trade between 1696 and 1720. In 1696 an act of Parliament raised the standard of wrought plate from 925 parts of pure silver (known as ‘sterling standard’) to 958 parts of pure silver per thousand. This was an attempt to stop people removing silver coins of sterling standard from circulation and converting them into cups, dishes and other items of plate. The higher standard for plate was reflected in new marks: the mark of the lion passant (the sterling standard mark) was replaced by the figure of Britannia, and in London the mark of the London assay office (a leopard’s head crowned) was replaced by a lion’s head erased. After 1720, goldsmiths and their patrons could choose either sterling or Britannia standards for their wares.

Britannia standard silver Hanoverian pattern spoon with a ridged stem and a rat-tail; appreciable wear to bowl and stem.